Burrowing References

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Alexander Rr; Stanton Rj; Dodd Jr. Influence of sediment grain size on the burrowing of bivalves - correlation with distribution and stratigraphic persistence of selected neogene clams. Palaios, 1993 Jun, v8 n3:289-303.

Ar, A., R. Arieli, and A. Shkolnik. 1977. Blood-gas properties and function in the fossorial mole rat under normal and hypoxic-hypercapnic atmospheric conditions. Respiration Physiol. 30: 201-218.

Arlton, A. V. 1936. An ecological study of the mole. J. Mammal. 17:349-371.

Atkinson, RJA; Froglia, C; Arneri, E; Antolini, B. (1998) Observations on the burrows and burrowing behaviour of Brachynotus gemmellari and on the burrows of several other species occurring on Squilla grounds off Ancona, central Adriatic. Scientia Marina, mar-jun, V62 N1-2: 91-100.

Augee, M. L., R. W. Elsner, B. A. Gooden and P R. Wilson. 1971. Respiratory and cardiac responses of a burrowing animal, the echidna. Respiration Physiol. 11:327-334.

Barnosky, A. D. 1981. A skeleton of Mesoscalops (Mammalia, Insectivora) from the Miocene Deep River Formation, Montana, and a review of the proscalopid moles: evolutionary, functional, and stratigraphic relationships. J. Vert. Paleontol. 1:285 - 339.

Barnosky, A. D. 1982. Locomotion in moles (Insectivora, Proscalopidae) from the Middle Tertiary of North America. Science 216:183-185.

Bateman J A. 1959. Laboratory studies of the golden mole and the mole rat. African Wild Life 13: 65-71.

Bradley, W. G., and M. K. Yousef. 1975. Thermoregulatory responses in the plains pocket gopher, Geomys bursarius. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 52A: 35 - 38.

Bramble, D. M. 1982. Scaptochelys: generic revision and evolution of gopher tortoises. Copeia 1982: 852-867.

Brown ac; Trueman er. Burrowing of sandy-beach molluscs in relation to penetrability of the substratum. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 1991 Feb, v57 feb:134-136. Pub type: Note.

Brown ac; Trueman er. Burrowing behaviour and cost in the sandy-beach oniscid isopod tylos granulatus krauss, 1843. Crustaceana, 1996 Jun, V69 Jun:425-437.

Carlsson, A. 1904. Zur Anatomie des Notoryctes typhlops. Zool. jahrb. Abt. Anat. Ontog. 20: 81 - 122.

Chapman, R. C., and A. F. Bennett. 1975. Physiological correlates of burrowing in rodents. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 52A:599-603.

Chapman, R. N. 1919. A study of the correlation of the pelvic structure and the habits of certain burrowing mammals. Am. J. Anat. 25:185 - 219.

Checa, AG; Cadee, GC. Hydraulic burrowing in the bivalve Mya arenaria linnaeus (Myoidea) and associated ligamental adaptations. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 1997 MAY, V63 PT2:157-171.

Cox, C. B. 1972. A new digging dicynodont from the Upper Permian of Tanzania. In Studies in vertebrate evolution, ed. K. A. Josey and T. S. Kemp. New York: Winchester Press.

Darden,T. R. 1972. Respiratory adaptations of a fossorial mammal, the pocket gopher (Thomomys bottae). J. Comp. Physiol. 78:12, 1-137.

Dubost, G. 1968. Les mammiŁeres souterrains. Rev. tcol. Biol. Sol. 5: 99 - 197.

Ducey Pk; Formanowicz Dr; Boyet L; Mailloux J; and others. Experimental examination of burrowing behavior in caecilians (amphibia, gymnophiona) - effects of soil compaction on burrowing ability of 4 species. Herpetologica, 1993 DEC, V49 N4:450-457.

Dudley ec; Vermeij gj. Shell form and burrowing performance in gastropods from pacific panama, with comments on regional differences in functional specialization. Veliger, 1989 JUL 3, V32 N3:284-287.

Eadie, W. R. 1945. The pelvic girdle of Parascalops. J. Mammal. 26:94-95.

Elder, H. Y. (1973) Direct peristaltic progression and the functional significance of the dermal connective tissue during burrowing in the polychaete Polyphysia crassa (Oersted). J. exp. Biol. 58, 637-655.

Eloff, G. 19 5 1. Orientation in the mole-rat Cryptomys. Brit. J. Psychol. 42: 134-145

Emerson, S. B. 1976. Burrowing in frogs. J. Morph. 149:437-458.

Gambarian, P. P. 1953. Adaptive specializations of the forelimb of blind mole rats (Spalax leucodon nehringi Satunin). (In Russian.) Zool. Inst. Akad. Nauk Armianskoi SSR8:67-125.

Gambarian, P. P. 1960. Adaptive characteristics of the locomotor organs in burrowing mammals. (In Russian.) Akad. Nauk Armianskoi SSR, Erevan.

Genelly, R. E. 1965. Ecology of the common mole-rat (Cryptomys . hottentotus) Rhodesia. J. Mammal. 46:647-665.

Goldstein, B. 1969. Burrowing mechanisms in some fossorial mammals. Ph.D. diss., University of California at Davis.

Goldstein, B. 1971. Heterogeneity of muscle fibers in some burrowing mammals. J. Mammal. 52: 515 - 527.

Gundy, G. C , and C. Z. Wurst. 1976. Parietal eye-pineal morphology in lizards and its physiological implications. Anat. Record 185:419:- 431.

Gupta, B. B. 1966. Fusion of cervical vertebrae in rodents. Mammalia 30:25-29.

Gupta Sk; Sundararaman V. Correlation between burrowing capability and ache activity in the earthworm, pheretima-posthuma, on exposure to carbaryl. Bulletin Of Environmental Contamination And Toxicology, 1991 JUN, V46 N6:859-865.

Hilly J. E. 1937. Morphology of the pocket gopher, mammalian genus Thomomys. Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 42:81-172.

Hisaw, F. L. 1923. Observations on the burrowing habits of moles (Scapanus aquaticus machrinoides). J. Mammal. 4:79-88.

Hisaw, F. L.1924. The absorption of the pubic symphysis of the pocket gopher, Goemys bursarius (Shaw). Am. Nat. 58:93-96.

Howe, D. 1975. Observations on a captive marsupial mole, Notoryctes typhlops. Australian Mammal. 1: 361 - 365.

Hunter Rd; Elder Hy. Burrowing dynamics and energy cost of transport in the soft-bodied marine invertebrates polyphysia-crassa and priapulus-caudatus. Journal Of Zoology, 1989 JUN, V218 JUN:209-222.

Jarvis, J. U. M. 1978. The energetics of survival in Heterocephalus glaber (Rupell) the naked mole rat (Rodentia, Bethyergidae). Bull. Carnegie Mus. Nat. Rist. 6: 81 - 87.

Jarvis, J. U. M., and J. B. Sale. 1971. Burrowing and burrow patterns of East African mole-rats Tachyorydes, Heliophobius and Heterocephalus. J. Zool., Lond. 163:451-479

Jenkins, F. A., Jr. 1970. Limb movements in a monotreme (Tachyglossus aculeatus): a cineradiographic analysis. Science 168: 73 - 75.

Joschko M; Diestel H; Larink O. Assessment of earthworm burrowing efficiency in compacted soil with a combination of morphological and soil physical measurements. Biology and fertility of soils, 1989, V8 N3:191-196.

Kanazawa K. Adaptation of test shape for burrowing and locomotion in spatangoid echinoids. Palaeontology, 1992 Nov, V35 Nov:733-750.

Kanazawa K How spatangoids produce their traces - relationship between burrowing mechanism and trace structure. Lethaia, 1995 Sep, V28 N3:211-219.

Kretzschmar A. Burrowing ability of the earthworm aporrectodea-longa limited by soil compaction and water potential. Biology And Fertility Of Soils, 1991, V11 N1:48-51.

Krapp, F. 1965. Schadel und Kaumuskulatur von Spa1ax leucodon (Nordmann, 1840). Z. Wiss. Zool. 173:1 - 71.

Kriszat, G. 1940a. Untersuchungen zur Sinnesphysiologie, Biologie und Umwelt des Maulwulfs (Talpa europaea L.) Z. Morph. Okol. Tiere 3 6:446 - 511. .

Kriszat, G.1940b. Die Orientierung im Raume bei Talpa europaea. Z. Morph. Okol. Tiere 36:512-556.

Laville E. Functional analysis of burrowing in arvicola-terrestris-scherman. Mammalia, 1989, V53 N2:177-189. Language: French.

Laville E. [Comparative morphofunctional study on bone structures involved in burrowing activity of arvicola-terrestris-scherman (rodentia, arvicolidae)]. Canadian Journal Of Zoology-Journal Canadien De Zoologie, 1990 Nov, V68 N11:2437-2444. Language: French.

Lechner, A. J. 1976. Respiratory adaptations in burrowing pocket gophers from sea level and high altitude. J. Appl. Physiol. 41:168-173.

Lehmann, W. H. 1963. The forelimb architecture of some fossorial rodents. J. Morph. 113:59 - 76.

Manaro, A. J. 1959. Extrusive incisor growth in the rodent genera Geomys, peromyscus, and Sigmodon. Fla. Acad. Sci. Q. J. 22: 25 - 31.

Mathias Md. Morphology of the incisors and the burrowing activity of mediterranean and lusitanian pine voles (mammalia, rodentia) Mammalia, 1990, V54 N2:302-306. Pub Type: Note.

McNab, B. K. 1979. The influence of body size on the energetics and distribution of fossorial and burrowing mammals. Ecol. 60: 10, 10 - 21.

McNab, B. K.1980. Energetics and the limits to a temperate distribution in armadillos. J. Mammal. 61:606 - 627.

Menzies, J. L, and M. J. Tyler. 1977. The systematics and adaptations of some Papuan microhylid frogs which live underground. J. Zool.Lond. 183:431-464.

Miles, S. T. 1941. The shoulder anatomy of the armadillo.J. Mammal. 22:157-169.

Miller, R. S. 1958. Rate of incisor growth in the mountain pocket gopher. J. Mammal. 39:380 - 385.

Nevo, E. 1979. Adaptive convergence and divergence of subterranean mammals. An., Rev. Ecol. and Syst. 10:269-308.

Orcutt, E. E. 1940.Studies on the muscles of the head, neck, and pectoral appendages of Geomys bursarius. J. Mammal. 21:37-52.

Paggett, KC; Gupta, V; McClellan, AD. Adaptive variations of undulatory behaviors in larval lamprey: comparison of swimming and burrowing. Experimental Brain Research, 1998 MAR, V119 N2:213-223.

Pearson, 0. P. 1959. Biology of the subterranean rodents, Ctenomys, in Peru.. Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. "Javier Prado" 9: 1 - 56

Pevet, P., J. A. Kappers, and E. Nevo. 1976. The pineal gland of the mole-rat (Spalax ehrenb.ergi, Nehring). Cell and Tissue Res. 174:1 - 24.

Puttick G. W and J. U M. Jarvis. 1977. The functional anatomy of the neck and forelimbs of the cape golden mole, Chrysochloris asiatica (Lipotyphla, Chrysochloridae). Zool. Africana 12:445-458.

Reed, C. A. 1951. Locomotion and appendicular anatomy in three soricid insectivores. Am. Midland Nat. 4,5: 513 - 671.

Rose, K. D., and R. J. Emry. 1983. Extraordinary fossorial adaptations in the Oligocene palaeanodonts Epoicotherium and, Xenocranium. J.Morph. 75:33 - 56

Scholander, P. F., L. Irving, and S. W. Grinnell. 1943. Respiration of the.armadillo: with possible implications as to its burrowing. J. Cell and. Comp. Physiol. 21:53-63.

Seymour, R. S. 1973. Physiological correlates of forced activity and burrowing in the spadefoot toad, Scaphiopus hamondii. Copeia 19 7 3:103 - 115.

Seymour, RS; Withers, PC; Weathers, WW. Energetics of burrowing, running, and free-living in the Namib Desert golden mole (Eremitalpa namibensis) Journal Of Zoology, 1998 JAN, V244 PT1:107-117.

Swiderski Dl. Morphology and evolution of the wrists of burrowing and nonburrowing shrews (soricidae) Journal Of Mammalogy, 1991 Feb, V72 N1:118-125.

Takeda S; Matsumasa M; Yong Hs; Murai M. Igloo construction by the ocypodid crab, dotilla myctiroides (milne-edwards) (crustacea brachyura) - the role of an air chamber when burrowing in a saturated sandy substratum. Journal Of Experimental Marine Biology And Ecology, 1996 Jun 15, V198 N2:237-247.

Taylor, B. K. 1978. The anatomy of the forelimb in the anteater (Tamandua) and its functional implications. J. Morph. 157:347 - 368.

Teodecki, EE; Brodie, ED; Formanowicz, DR; Nussbaum, RA. Head dimorphism and burrowing speed in the African caecilian Schistometopum thomense (Amphibia: Gymnophiona) Herpetologica, 1998 JUN, V54 N2:154-160.

Trueman, E. R. (1967) The dynamics of burrowing in Ensis (Bivalvia). Proc. R. Soc. B. 166, 459-476.

Trueman, E. R. (1975) The Locomotion of Soft-Bodied Animals. Edward: Arnold, London.

Trueman Er; Brown Ac. Pedal function in nassariid gastropods - crawling and burrowing in cyclope-neritea. Journal Of Experimental Marine Biology And Ecology, 1992, V157 N2:211-224.

Trueman, E.R., Brown, A.C. Evolution of burrowing in gastropods: the behavior of the rocky-shore whelk Burnupena catarrhacta on sand. Journal of Mulluscan Studies (1993), 59, 2361-63.

Vleck, D. 1979. The energy cost of burrowing by the pocket gopher Thomomys, bottae. Physiol. Zool. 52:122-136.

Vleck, D.1981. Burrow structure and foraging costs in the fossorial rodent Thomomys bottae. Oecologia 49:591 - 396.

Wilson, J.T. 1894. On the myology of Notorydes typhlops, with comparative notes. Trans. Roy. Soc. So. Australia 18:3-74.

Yalden, D. W. 1966. The anatomy of mole locomotion. J. Zool., Lond. 149:55-64.