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Buoyancy References

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Alexander, R. McN. (1966). Physical aspects of swimbladder function. Biol. Rev. 41, 141-176.

Alexander, R. McN. (1972). The energetics of vertical migration by fishes. Symp. Soc. exp. Biol. 26, 273-294.

Alexander, R. McN. 1989. Size, speed, and buoyancy adaptations in aquatic animals. Am. Zool. 30: 189-196.

Ama, PFM; Ambassa, S. Buoyancy of African black and European white males. American Journal Of Human Biology, 1997, V9 N1:87-92.

Arita, G.S. (1971). A re-examination of the functional morphology of the softrays in teleosts. Copela 1971, pp. 691-697.

Berg, T. & Steen, J.B. (1968). The mechanism of oxygen concentration in the swimbladder of the eel. 1. Physiol., Lond. 195, 631-638.

Bidigare, R. R., and D. C. Biggs, 1980. The role of sulfate exclusion in buoyancy maintenance by siphonophores and other gelatinous zooplankton. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 66A:467-471.

Blaxter, J.H.S. & Tyder, P. (1978). Physiology and function of the swimbladder. Adv. comp, Physiol. Biochem. 7, 311-367.

Campeny R; Casinos A. Densities and buoyancy in tadpoles of Midwife toad, Alytes-Obstetricans. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 1989, V223 N1-2:6-12.

Corner, E. D. S., Denton, and Forster, 1969. On the buoyancy of some deep sea sharks. Proc. Roy. Soc. B 171: 415-429.

Davenport J; Bebbington A. Observations on the swimming and buoyancy of some thecosomatous pteropod gastropods. Journal Of Molluscan Studies, 1990 Nov, V56 Nov:487-497.

Davenport J. Observations on the locomotion and buoyancy of Phronima-Sedentaria (Forskal, 1775) (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Hyperiidea) Journal Of Natural History, 1994 Jul-Aug, V28 N4:787-793.

Denton, E. J. 1974. On buoyancy and the lives of fossil and modern cephalopods. Proc. Roy. Soc. B 185:273-299.

Eastman Jt; Hikida Rs; Devries Al. Buoyancy studies and Microscopy of skin and subdermal extracellular matrix of the Antarctic snailfish, Paraliparis-Devriesi. Journal Of Morphology, 1994 Apr, V220 N1:85-101.

Fine Ml; Mcknight Jw; Blem Cr. Effect of size and sex on buoyancy in the oyster toadfish. Marine Biology, 1995 Sep, V123 N3:401-409.

Gee Jh; Holst Hm. Buoyancy regulation by the sticklebacks Culaea-inconstans and pungitius-pungitius in response to different salinities and water densities. Canadian Journal Of Zoology-Revue Canadienne De Zoologie, 1992 Aug, V70 N8:1590-1594.

Gee Jh; Waldick Rc. Ontogenetic buoyancy changes and hydrostatic control in larval anurans. Copeia, 1995 Dec 21, N4:861-870.

Gee Jh; Gee Pa. Aquatic surface respiration, buoyancy control and the evolution of air-breathing In Gobies (Gobiidae, Pisces) Journal Of Experimental Biology, 1995 Jan, V198 N1:79-89.

Geerlink, P.J. & Videler, J.T. (1974). joints and muscles of the dorsal fin of Tilapia nilotica L. Neth. 1. Zool. 24, 279-290.

Goolish Em. Swimbladder function and buoyancy regulation in the killifish Fundulus-Heteroclitus. Journal Of Experimental Biology, 1992 May, V166 May:61-81

Harbison Gr; Gilmer Rw. Swimming, buoyancy and feeding in shelled pteropods - a comparison of field and laboratory Observations. Journal Of Molluscan Studies, 1992 Jul, V58 Jul:337-339

Harbison Gr. Observations on the swimming and buoyancy of cymbulia-peroni (gastropoda, thecosomata) made from a Submersible. Journal Of The Marine Biological Association Of The United Kingdom, 1992 May, V72 N2:435-446.

Jacobs, DK. Chambered cephalopod shells, buoyancy, structure and decoupling: History and red herrings. PALAIOS, 1996 DEC, V11 N6:610-614.

Jones, F.R.H. & Scholes, P. (1985). Gas secretion and resorption in the swimbladder of the cod, Gadus morhua. 1. comp. PhysioL B155, 319~331.

Lapennas, G.N. & Schmidt-Nielsen, K. (1977). Swimbladder permeability to oxygen. J. exp. Biol. 67, 175-196.

Lovvorn Jr; Jones Dr. Effects of body size, body fat, and change in pressure with depth on buoyancy and costs of diving in ducks (aythya spp) Canadian Journal Of Zoology-Journal Canadien De Zoologie, 1991 Nov, V69 N11:2879-2887.

Lovvorn Jr; Jones Dr. Body mass, volume, and buoyancy of some aquatic birds, and their relation to locomotor strategies. Canadian Journal Of Zoology-Journal Canadien De Zoologie, 1991 Nov, V69 N11:2888-2892.

Lovvorn Jr; Jones Dr; Blake Rw. Mechanics of underwater locomotion in diving ducks - drag, buoyancy and acceleration in a size gradient of species. Journal Of Experimental Biology, 1991 Sep, V159 Sep:89-108.

Minamikawa, S; Naito, Y; Uchida, I. Buoyancy control in diving behavior of the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta. Journal Of Ethology, 1997 DEC, V15 N2:109-118.

Newton C; Potts Wtw. Ionic regulation and buoyancy in some planktonic organisms. Journal Of The Marine Biological Association Of The United Kingdom, 1993 Feb, V73 N1:15-23.

Nissling A; Vallin L. The ability of baltic cod eggs to maintain neutral buoyancy and the opportunity for survival in fluctuating conditions in the baltic sea. Journal Of Fish Biology, 1996 Feb, V48 N2:217-227.

Phleger, CF. Buoyancy in marine fishes: Direct and indirect role of lipids. American Zoologist, 1998 APR, V38 N2:321-330.

Sclafani, M; Stirling, G; Leggett, WC. Osmoregulation, nutritional effects and buoyancy of marine larval fish: a bioassay for assessing density changes during the earliest life-history stages. Marine Biology, 1997 Jul, V129 N1:1-9.

Stephenson R. The contributions of body tissues, respiratory system, and plumage to buoyancy in waterfowl. Canadian Journal Of Zoology-Revue Canadienne De Zoologie, 1993 Aug, V71 N8:1521-1529.

Taylor Ma. Stomach stones for feeding or buoyancy - the occurrence and function of gastroliths in marine tetrapods. Philosophical Transactions Of The Royal Society Of London Series B-Biological Sciences, 1993 Jul 29, V341 N1296:163-175.

Thorsen A; Kjesbu Os; Fyhn Hj; Solemdal P. Physiological mechanisms of buoyancy in eggs from brackish water cod. Journal Of Fish Biology, 1996 Mar, V48 N3:457-477.

Voight Jr; Portner Ho; Odor Rk. A review of ammonia-mediated buoyancy in squids (cephalopoda, teuthoidea). Marine And Freshwater Behaviour And Physiology, 1994, V25 N1-3:193-203.

Webb, PM; Crocker, DE; Blackwell, SB; Costa, DP; and others. Effects of buoyancy on the diving behavior of northern elephant seals. Journal Of Experimental Biology, 1998 AUG, V201 N16:2349-2358.

Weihs, D. (1 973c). Mechanically efficient swimming techniques for fish with negative buoyancy. J. mar. Res. 31, 194-209.

Westermann Geg. On alleged negative buoyancy of ammonoids. Lethaia, 1993 Dec 15, V26 N3:246-246.

Withers Pc; Morrison G; Guppy M. Buoyancy role of urea and tmao in an elasmobranch fish, the port jackson shark, Heterodontus Portusjacksoni. Physiological Zoology, 1994 May-Jun, V67 N3:693-705.

Withers Pc; Morrison G; Hefter Gt; Pang Ts. Role of urea and methylamines in buoyancy of elasmobranchs. Journal Of Experimental Biology, 1994 Mar, V188 MAR:175-189.